Gabon is currently facing a wave of debate following the introduction of a new ordinance aimed at regulating digital interactions. Although dated February 26, the text only recently became public knowledge. At the heart of the controversy is Article 4, which strictly prohibits the use of pseudonyms on social networks.
Under these new rules, every user must be clearly identifiable. This requirement includes providing full names and a personal identification number (NIP). For corporate entities, the law mandates the disclosure of their official commercial registration details.
Divided opinions on digital accountability
Bienvenue Effayong, a content creator known by the alias “Bitome” (meaning “trouble” in the local language), has voiced strong support for the measure. Often a target of anonymous online attacks due to his pro-government stance, he believes the law is essential for accountability.
“I fully endorse this change,” Effayong stated, arguing that people frequently hide behind fictitious profiles to spread defamation, insults, or even attempt to destabilize the country. He emphasizes that everyone should now be held responsible for their digital actions.
Concerns over democratic freedoms
Conversely, critics like Marcel Libama, a former member of the Transition Parliament, see this as a dangerous precedent. He views the ordinance as a direct assault on the freedom of expression guaranteed by the national Constitution.
According to Libama, this move represents a decline in democratic values and describes the legislation as “liberticidal.” He argues that such restrictive measures are unnecessary and conflict with fundamental rights.
Current status and government objectives
Since the ordinance was enacted during a parliamentary recess, it went into effect immediately. However, its long-term future depends on the Parliament, which retains the power to ratify, amend, or reject the text. It is worth noting that social media platforms have been officially suspended in the country since February.
The Gabonese government maintains that these measures are intended to protect the younger generation and curb digital abuses, such as slander and threats against national institutions.