Niger junta holds former president bazoum in arbitrary detention

The Nigerien authorities must immediately release former President Mohamed Bazoum, who has been held in arbitrary detention for two years following a military coup, human rights advocates urge.

Background of the illegal detention

On July 26, 2023, officers from Niger’s self-proclaimed military junta, the National Council for the Safeguard of the Homeland (CNSP), led by General Abdourahamane Tiani, overthrew President Bazoum’s elected government. Since then, he and his wife, Hadiza Bazoum, have been held in Niamey’s presidential palace without access to family or legal counsel. In 2024, the junta stripped Bazoum of his presidential immunity, paving the way for politically motivated prosecutions.

Legal and international responses

The detention has faced widespread condemnation. In September 2023, Bazoum petitioned the ECOWAS Court of Justice, arguing that his detention violated human rights. In December, the court ruled his detention arbitrary and ordered his immediate release. Despite this ruling, the junta has ignored the decision. In January 2025, Niger, along with Burkina Faso and Mali, officially withdrew from ECOWAS, further complicating accountability.

In February 2025, the UN Working Group on Arbitrary Detention concluded that Bazoum’s detention violated international law and demanded his release. His legal team, including international advocates like Reed Brody, has condemned the prolonged incarceration without charges or fair trial.

Political repression under the junta

The junta’s actions reflect a broader crackdown on political opposition, peaceful dissent, and media freedom in Niger. Analysts warn that delaying a civilian transition and credible elections risks entrenching authoritarian rule. Human rights organizations highlight that Bazoum’s detention sends a dangerous signal about the junta’s disregard for democratic norms.

“Every day Mohamed Bazoum remains imprisoned without due process chips away at Niger’s path toward democracy,” said Ilaria Allegrozzi, Senior Sahel Researcher at Human Rights Watch. “The junta’s refusal to comply with legal rulings underscores its contempt for the rule of law.“

What’s next?

With no trial date set and international bodies repeatedly calling for his release, the junta’s continued detention of Bazoum raises serious concerns about Niger’s political future. Advocates urge immediate action to ensure his freedom and the restoration of democratic governance.